SAR study of niclosamide derivatives in the human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells

Authors

Shizue Mito, The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Benxu Cheng, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Benjamin A. Garcia, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Daniela Gonzalez, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Xin Yee Ooi, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Tess C. Ruiz, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Francisco Xavier Elisarraras, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Andrew Tsin, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Sue Anne Chew, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Marco A. Arriaga, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-2022

Abstract

Glioblastoma is a lethal malignant brain tumor, and the development of efficient chemotherapeutic agents remains an urgent need. Niclosamide, an anthelmintic drug, which has been used to treat tapeworm infections more than 50 years, has recently attracted renewed attention due to its evident anticancer activities. It has been shown that niclosamide induces cytotoxicity in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells corresponding with increased protein ubiquitination, ER stress, and autophagy. Furthermore, niclosamide showed down regulation of multiple pro-survival signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK, and STAT3, which further caused reduction of U87-MG cell viability. However, the molecular mechanisms of niclosimide and its derivatives in cancer are not fully understood. In the present article, 12 niclosamide derivatives were synthesized by the replacement of substituents for the structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of the protein ubiquitination and related signaling pathways. Our approach is to identify which substituents of niclosamide play important roles in inducing cell apoptosis, inhibition of cell growth, and down regulation of cell survival signaling pathways. Our results indicate that phenol OH of niclosamide plays a significant role in the anti-glioblastoma activity, while missing Cl (5- or 2′-Cl) showed almost no such effect. 4′-N3 or CF3 has the similar activity to niclosamide (4′-NO2) whereas NH2 significantly decreased the cytotoxicity in U87 cells. These modified compounds can be tested to determine which are most effective on cancer treatment. These findings are important in the development of multi-functionalized niclosamide and drug design therapy in the future.

Comments

Original published version available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-022-02907-w

View published version freely: https://rdcu.be/cR4QZ

Recommended Citation

Mito, S., Cheng, B., Garcia, B.A. et al. SAR study of niclosamide derivatives in the human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells. Med Chem Res 31, 1313–1322 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-022-02907-w

Publication Title

Medicinal Chemistry Research

DOI

10.1007/s00044-022-02907-w