Benchmarking empirical severity for the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-Second Edition

Authors

Caitlin M. Pinciotti
Juliana Avery
Chencheng Zhang
Josselyn S. Muñoz
Dayan Berrones
Vanessa Zavala Cruz
Andrew D. Wiese
Jacey L. Anderberg
Isabella A. Cruz, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Joseph D. Hovey, The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-2025

Abstract

The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is considered the primary instrument for assessing the presence and severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Conceptual and empirical critiques inspired the development of an updated version of the instrument, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-Second Edition (Y-BOCS-II), with a higher ceiling of OCD severity to better differentiate between severe and the most debilitating OCD presentations, among other revisions. The Y-BOCS-II has demonstrated sound psychometric properties across diverse samples. Empirically derived severity benchmarks have been proposed for the original Y-BOCS, yielding somewhat different ranges than what has been commonly used in clinical and research settings, yet severity benchmarks for the Y-BOCS-II have yet to be established. Using a diverse, pooled sample of 2982 children and adults with OCD or obsessive-compulsive and related concerns across 13 countries, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses yielded severity benchmarks that largely mirrored the original Y-BOCS at the lower range of scores and extended the previously established benchmarks at the higher range of scores, owing to the increased ceiling of the instrument. The optimal benchmark ranges were determined as: non−/sub-clinical (0–14), mild (15–21), moderate (22–34), severe (35–50). Similar benchmarks were present across sex and age groups, and their accuracy was adequate in both a holdout sample and an independent sample of OCD patients from China (n = 78). Limitations and implications for the use of the Y-BOCS-II in clinical and research settings are discussed.

Comments

Original published version available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119719

Recommended Citation

Pinciotti, C. M., Avery, J., Zhang, C., Muñoz, J. S., Berrones, D., Cruz, V. Z., ... & Onyeka, O. C. (2025). Benchmarking empirical severity for the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Journal of Affective Disorders, 119719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119719

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.

Publication Title

Journal of Affective Disorders

DOI

10.1016/j.jad.2025.119719