School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-2021

Abstract

Aims/Hypothesis:

Women with type 1 diabetes have increased risk for poor obstetric outcomes. Prenatal air pollution exposure is also associated with adverse outcomes for women and infants. We examined whether women with type 1 diabetes are more vulnerable than other women to pollution-associated risks during pregnancy.

Methods:

In singleton deliveries from the Consortium on Safe Labor (2002-2008), obstetric and neonatal outcomes were compared for women with type 1 diabetes (n=507) and women without autoimmune disease (n=204,384). Preconception, trimester, and whole pregnancy average air pollutant exposure (ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter >10 microns (PM10), PM >2.5 microns (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx)) were estimated using modified Community Multiscale Air Quality models. Poisson regression models with diabetes*pollutant interaction terms estimated relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for adverse outcomes, adjusted for maternal characteristics and geographic region.

Results:

For whole pregnancy exposure to SO2, women with type 1 diabetes had 15% increased risk (RR:1.15 95%CI:1.01,1.31) and women without autoimmune disease had 5% increased risk (RR:1.05 95%CI:1.05,1.06) for small for gestational age birth (pinteraction=0.09). Additionally, whole pregnancy O3 exposure was associated with 10% increased risk (RR:1.10 95%CI:1.02,1.17) among women with type 1 diabetes and 2% increased risk (RR:1.02 95%CI:1.00,1.04) among women without autoimmune disease for perinatal mortality (pinteraction=0.08). Similar patterns were observed between PM2.5 exposure and spontaneous preterm birth.

Conclusions:

Pregnant women with type 1 diabetes may be at greater risk for adverse outcomes when exposed to air pollution than women without autoimmune disease.

Publication Title

Environ Res.

DOI

10.1016/j.envres.2021.111152

Academic Level

faculty

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