Posters
Presenting Author Academic/Professional Position
Medical Student
Academic Level (Author 1)
Medical Student
Academic Level (Author 2)
Medical Student
Academic Level (Author 3)
Medical Student
Presentation Type
Poster
Discipline Track
Community/Public Health
Abstract Type
Research/Clinical
Abstract
Background: In modern day, diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the United States and worldwide, ranking as the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Worldwide, 1 in 11 adults have diabetes mellitus and the prevalence is expected to increase from 415 to 642 million by the year 2040. Diabetes mellitus (DM) may also increase the risk of complication in various surgeries, such as shoulder arthroplasty. Shoulder arthroplasty is increasing in popularity; however, various pre-existing medical comorbidities can increase the risk of complications from this procedure such as DM. The primary objective of this study is to gather information from current literature to best summarize the effects on DM on shoulder arthroplasty outcomes, specifically deep vein thrombosis (DVT), infection, and length of stay. We hypothesized that diabetes would increase the rates of the analyzed shoulder arthroplasty outcomes.
Methods: To conduct a literature review, a PubMed search was performed using the keywords “Diabetes” and “Shoulder Arthroplasty.” Only studies published between 2015 to 2024 were considered, yielding 170 articles. Articles that did not address both diabetes and shoulder arthroplasty were excluded. The search was then refined to focus specifically on post-operative complications such as DVT, general infections, and extended length of stay (LOS). Ultimately, 26 research papers were selected for analysis, examining how these complications affect diabetic patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty.
Results: Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications following shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), particularly DVT, extended hospital stays, and infections. DM and obesity increased the risk of postoperative DVT following TSA, with DM showing a higher risk (OR: 1.38; p = 0.007) and obesity linked to increased 90-day complications (p = 0.02). Metabolic syndrome did not significantly affect DVT incidence (p = 0.991), highlighting the need for preoperative optimization in diabetic and obese patients. Most studies also highlighted diabetes as a risk factor in patients who had increased length of stay. Other cohort studies found significantly longer stays for diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients' post-shoulder arthroplasty. Regarding infection, it is unclear whether DM increases the risk of various infections following shoulder arthroplasty as some studies show an increased risk while others show no effect. However, studies have shown that obesity increases the risk for infections following shoulder arthroplasty which may be worth considering as diabetic individuals tend to have a higher BMI than nondiabetic individuals.
Conclusion: The present systematic review concerning the impact of diabetes on peri- and post-procedural shoulder arthroplasty outcomes has yielded an overwhelming majority of studies that suggest diabetics are at higher risk for postoperative complications like DVT and infection, as well as an increased length of stay. These complications also potentially result in an increased cost of care which could be taken into consideration when treating diabetic patients.
Recommended Citation
Khalil, Mohammad; Martin, Blake; and Elizondo, Victoria, "Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Shoulder Arthroplasty Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Postoperative Complications" (2025). Research Symposium. 171.
https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/somrs/2025/posters/171
Included in
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Shoulder Arthroplasty Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Postoperative Complications
Background: In modern day, diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the United States and worldwide, ranking as the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Worldwide, 1 in 11 adults have diabetes mellitus and the prevalence is expected to increase from 415 to 642 million by the year 2040. Diabetes mellitus (DM) may also increase the risk of complication in various surgeries, such as shoulder arthroplasty. Shoulder arthroplasty is increasing in popularity; however, various pre-existing medical comorbidities can increase the risk of complications from this procedure such as DM. The primary objective of this study is to gather information from current literature to best summarize the effects on DM on shoulder arthroplasty outcomes, specifically deep vein thrombosis (DVT), infection, and length of stay. We hypothesized that diabetes would increase the rates of the analyzed shoulder arthroplasty outcomes.
Methods: To conduct a literature review, a PubMed search was performed using the keywords “Diabetes” and “Shoulder Arthroplasty.” Only studies published between 2015 to 2024 were considered, yielding 170 articles. Articles that did not address both diabetes and shoulder arthroplasty were excluded. The search was then refined to focus specifically on post-operative complications such as DVT, general infections, and extended length of stay (LOS). Ultimately, 26 research papers were selected for analysis, examining how these complications affect diabetic patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty.
Results: Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications following shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), particularly DVT, extended hospital stays, and infections. DM and obesity increased the risk of postoperative DVT following TSA, with DM showing a higher risk (OR: 1.38; p = 0.007) and obesity linked to increased 90-day complications (p = 0.02). Metabolic syndrome did not significantly affect DVT incidence (p = 0.991), highlighting the need for preoperative optimization in diabetic and obese patients. Most studies also highlighted diabetes as a risk factor in patients who had increased length of stay. Other cohort studies found significantly longer stays for diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients' post-shoulder arthroplasty. Regarding infection, it is unclear whether DM increases the risk of various infections following shoulder arthroplasty as some studies show an increased risk while others show no effect. However, studies have shown that obesity increases the risk for infections following shoulder arthroplasty which may be worth considering as diabetic individuals tend to have a higher BMI than nondiabetic individuals.
Conclusion: The present systematic review concerning the impact of diabetes on peri- and post-procedural shoulder arthroplasty outcomes has yielded an overwhelming majority of studies that suggest diabetics are at higher risk for postoperative complications like DVT and infection, as well as an increased length of stay. These complications also potentially result in an increased cost of care which could be taken into consideration when treating diabetic patients.
