Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Laser engraved graphene-based ink-modified flexible electrochemical l-lactate sensor

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-25-2025

Abstract

This work presents the development of flexible, disposable laser-engraved Kapton (LEK) electrodes modified with graphene-conductive polyaniline (G-PANI) ink for enhanced lactate sensing applications. This flexible LEK/G-PANI electrode offers a promising solution for wearable bioelectronics. The laser-induced graphene (LIG) was directly patterned on the Kapton surface through a CO2 laser process, offering a simplified fabrication method without complex substrate-transfer techniques. The ink provided improved conductivity and biocompatibility, enhancing the electrode’s performance in physiological environments. Results demonstrated a highly sensitive and stable response across this wide range of lactic acid concentrations from 100 pM to 20 mM. The minimum detection limit was 50 pM, and the coefficient of determination was 92.8%, which is significantly linear. The enhanced conductivity provided by the G-PANI ink, coupled with the electrode’s flexibility and disposability, makes the LEK/G-PANI sensors highly attractive for real-time lactate monitoring in athletic and clinical settings.

Publication Title

MRS Advances

DOI

10.1557/s43580-025-01316-6

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