High-speed visualization of pulsed GMAW on galvanized AHSS using modified CMOS sensors

Authors

• Carlos Adrián García-Ochoa
• Maleni García-Gómez
• Jorge Alejandro Verduzco-Martinez
• Francisco Fernando Curiel-Lopez
• Víctor Hugo Lopez-Morelos
• Jose Jaime Taha-Tijerina, The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyFollow
• Julio César Verduzco-Juárez

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-12-2026

Abstract

High-speed visualization of transient phenomena during pulsed gas metal arc welding (GMAW P) of galvanized advanced high strength steels (AHSS) is essential for understanding arc dynamics, molten pool behavior, droplet detachment, and zinc vaporization. Conventional industrial high-speed cameras provide adequate temporal resolution but are costly and limited in accessibility. This study evaluates a low cost imaging system based on a mobile phone integrated complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. Welding experiments were performed on galvanized CP780 steel lap joints using pulsed currents of 283 to 313 A and arc voltages of 21.85 to 23.81 V. High-speed recordings up to 960 frames per second were obtained using optical filters at 720, 850, and 950 nm. The system enabled visualization of porosity nucleation, bubble coalescence, zinc vapor release, and spatter formation. Results highlight the potential of CMOS-based imaging systems for advanced academic research and industrial diagnostics.

Comments

https://rdcu.be/foVMY

Recommended Citation

García-Ochoa, Carlos Adrián, Maleni García-Gómez, Jorge Alejandro Verduzco-Martinez, Francisco Fernando Curiel-Lopez, Víctor Hugo Lopez-Morelos, José Jaime Taha-Tijerina, and Julio Cesar Verduzco-Juárez. "High-speed visualization of pulsed GMAW on galvanized AHSS using modified CMOS sensors." MRS Advances (2026): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1557/s43580-026-01645-0

Publication Title

MRS Advances

DOI

10.1557/s43580-026-01645-0