School of Medicine Publications and Presentations
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
10-2025
Abstract
Introduction: Patient-reported outcome measures have widely been used in the field of orthopaedics to determine treatment outcomes; however, they may not always align with the patient's goals for improvement following treatment. Therefore, we introduced the concept of patient-defined outcomes (PDOs): pretreatment goals or activities patients wish to improve following treatment, along with the patient-perceived difficulty and importance of these activities. This study aimed to evaluate PDOs in adults with hip dysplasia across 3 age groups while assessing patient variables for potential associations with choosing specific categories of activities.
Methods: We analyzed PDOs in 180 adults diagnosed with hip dysplasia, stratified into age groups: young adults (18-39 years), older adults (40-59 years), and senior adults (60 years or older). Patients listed at least 1 activity into the PDO questionnaire, followed by rating the difficulty and importance of the activity on a scale from zero to 10. PDOs were grouped into 6 thematic categories: sports, exercise, hobbies, activities of daily living (ADLs), work, and social engagement.
Results: ADLs were the most common PDO reported across all age groups, increasing from 47.2% of young adults to 68.2% of seniors, while exercise-related goals were the second most common reported PDO. Age and body mass index significantly positively related with choosing an ADL as a PDO (p = 0.017). Age (p = 0.041) and Pain Catastrophizing Score (p = 0.042) significantly negatively related, while University of California Activity Score (p = 0.020) showed a significant positive relationship, with reporting an exercise as a PDO. Almost all patients reported patient-perceived importance at the highest levels.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the impact hip dysplasia has on function, as most patients, regardless of age, expressed a desire to improve in basic ADLs. In addition, the importance levels of activities were consistently high across all age groups, highlighting the significance of aligning treatment goals with patient-centered outcomes.
Level of evidence: Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Recommended Citation
Gaddis, J. M., Salgado-Flores, M., Lee, S., Ghazi, S., Butler, H., Mulligan, E. P., South, C., & Wells, J. E. (2025). Patient-Defined Outcomes in Adults with Hip Dysplasia: What Activities Do Patients Hope to Improve with Treatment?. JB & JS open access, 10(4), e25.00051. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.OA.25.00051
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.
Publication Title
JB & JS open access
DOI
10.2106/JBJS.OA.25.00051
Academic Level
medical student
Comments
Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated. All rights reserved.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.