School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-2021

Abstract

The recognized human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces. However, the high transmissibility of the virus and the pattern of symptoms of COVID-19 suggest the likelihood of other forms of spread. Increasing evidence suggests that SARS‐CoV‐2 could be transmitted by the feco‐oral route. SARS-CoV-2 is known to infect gastrointestinal epithelial cells and a significant number of infected people have gastrointestinal symptoms. Viable viruses, viral RNA, and prolonged shedding of viral RNA have been detected in the feces of COVID-19 patients. The virus has been found in sewage and surface waters of several countries. The possible feco-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be significant in low-income countries. High poverty levels and the collapse of health and other public services might increase the risk of Venezuelans to suffer a more devastating impact from COVID-19 than other populations. In conclusion, the feco-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has not been demonstrated. However, it is conceivable and the impact of COVID-19 could be high in low-income countries, especially in Venezuela due to its humanitarian crisis. The lack of information on the viability and infectivity of the virus in wastewaters and surface waters and the risk of transmission of the infection are important gaps in knowledge that deserve further investigation.

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La transmisión reconocida del SARS-CoV-2 de persona a persona es a través de gotitas respiratorias y contacto con superficies contaminadas. Sin embargo, la gran transmisibilidad del virus y el modelo de síntomas del COVID-19 hacen pensar en la probabilidad de otras formas de propagación. Evidencias crecientes sugieren que SARS-CoV-2 podría transmitirse por vía fecooral. Se sabe que SARS-CoV-2 infecta las células epiteliales gastrointestinales y un número significativo de personas infectadas tienen síntomas gastrointestinales. En las heces de pacientes con COVID-19, se han detectado virus viables, ARN viral y la eliminación prolongada de ARN viral. Se ha detectado el virus en las aguas residuales y superficiales de varios países. La posible transmisión feco-oral del SARS-CoV-2 podría ser significativa en países de bajos ingresos. Los altos niveles de pobreza y el colapso del sistema de salud y de otros servicios públicos podrían aumentar el riesgo de los venezolanos de sufrir un impacto más devastador de la COVID-19 que otras poblaciones. En conclusión, la transmisión feco-oral de SARS-CoV-2 no se ha demostrado. Sin embargo, es concebible y el impacto de la COVID-19 podría ser alto en países de bajos ingresos, especialmente en Venezuela debido a su crisis humanitaria. La falta de información sobre la viabilidad e infectividad del virus en aguas residuales y superficiales y el riesgo de transmisión de la infección son brechas importantes en el conocimiento que necesitan una mayor investigación.

Publication Title

Investigación Clínica

DOI

10.22209/IC.v62s2a05

Academic Level

faculty

Mentor/PI Department

Population Health and Biostatistics

Included in

Public Health Commons

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