School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

White matter hyperintensities mediate the association of nocturnal blood pressure with cognition

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-2020

Abstract

Objective To test the hypotheses that hypertension and nocturnal blood pressure are related to white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, an MRI marker of small vessel cerebrovascular disease, and that WMHburden statistically mediates the association of hypertension and dipping status with memory functioning, we examined the relationship of hypertension and dipping status on WMH volume and neuropsychological test scores in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods Participants from the community-based Maracaibo Aging Study received ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, structural MRI, and neuropsychological assessment. Four hundred thirty-five participants (mean ± SD age 59 ± 13 years, 71% women) with available ambulatory blood pressure, MRI, and neuropsychological data were included in the analyses. Ambulatory blood pressure was used to define hypertension and dipping status (i.e., dipper, nondipper, and reverse dipper based on night/day blood pressure ratio1, respectively). Outcome measures included regional WMH and memory functioning derived from a neuropsychological test battery.

Results The majority of the participants (59%) were hypertensive. Ten percent were reverse dippers, and 40% were nondippers. Reverse dipping in the presence of hypertension was associated with particularly elevated periventricular WMH volume (F2,423 = 3.78, p = 0.024) and with lowered memory scores (F2,423 = 3.911, p = 0.021). Periventricular WMH volume mediated the effect of dipping status and hypertension on memory (β = −4.1, 95% confidence interval −8.7 to −0.2, p < 0.05).

Conclusion Reverse dipping in the presence of hypertension is associated with small vessel cerebrovascular disease, which, in turn, mediates memory functioning. These results point toward reverse dipping as a marker of poor nocturnal blood pressure control, particularly among hypertensive individuals, with potentially pernicious effects on cerebrovascular health and associated cognitive function.

Comments

© 2020 American Academy of Neurology. Original published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000009316

First Page

e1803

Last Page

e1810

Publication Title

Neurology

DOI

10.1212/WNL.0000000000009316

Academic Level

faculty

Mentor/PI Department

Office of Human Genetics

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