Comparative Effect of Zoledronic Acid, High Glucose Levels, and Oxidative Stress on Macrophage Viability

Authors

Bryan Liu, The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Denae Cantu, The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Deborah Seixas, Faculdade de Odontologia de BauruFollow
Cláudia Cristina Biguetti, The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyFollow

Document Type

Poster

Publication Date

2024

Abstract

Introduction and Hypothesis: Zoledronate (Zol) is an antiosteoclastic drug widely utilized for osteoporosis and bone metastases, and it may be used off-label for managing diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy¹. Since macrophages share common precursors with osteoclasts, their function may also be affected by Zol. Herein, we hypothesize that Zol impairs macrophage responses, potentially hindering their viability and host defense in diabetic conditions.

Methodology: Raw 264.7 macrophages were seeded at 2.5 x 10³ in 96-well plates for viability assays. Cells were tested under normal glucose (25 mM), high glucose (ranging from 45 to 70 mM), and high oxidative stress (ranging from 0.2 mM to 0.4 mM H₂O₂) conditions. Cells were exposed to varying concentrations of Zol (0.1 to 100 µM). Viability was assessed using tetrazolium compound assay with absorbance measured at 490 nm. Quantitative data was analyzed using One Way ANOVA followed by Tukey, with a significance level set at 0.05%.

Results: High glucose significantly increased macrophage proliferation to 109.98% at 45 mM and 111.55% at 70 mM. High oxidative stress decreased macrophage viability to 68.55% at 0.2 mM and 71.67% at 0.4 mM H₂O₂. Additionally, Zol treatment significantly reduced macrophage proliferation from 89% at 1 µM to 62.83% at 100 µM (p< 0.05).

Discussion and Conclusion: Both oxidative stress and Zol significantly decreased macrophage viability, while high glucose levels enhance their proliferation. For future studies we will selected 0.2 mM H₂O₂, 45 mM glucose, and 10 µM Zol to explore their combined effects on metabolism and polarization of macrophages.

Recommended Citation

Liu, Bryan; Cantu, Denae; Seixas, Deborah; and Biguetti, Cláudia Cristina, "Comparative Effect of Zoledronic Acid, High Glucose Levels, and Oxidative Stress on Macrophage Viability" (2024). School of Podiatric Medicine - Medical Student Research. 6.
https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/sopm_mspub/6