School of Social Work Faculty Publications

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-14-2026

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Digital literacy is critical for older adults to maintain social connections, access information, and support overall mental well-being. However, many older adults struggle with using digital devices. Guided by the self-fulfilling prophecy theory, this study investigates how digital reverse mentoring (DRM), referring to younger individuals assisting older adults in learning and using digital technology, is associated with digital literacy, with self-perceptions of aging and self-efficacy as mediators.

Research Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 402 community-dwelling older adults aged 60+ in Macao, China. Control variables include gender, age, education, income, self-rated health, and home internet access. Structural equation modeling was employed to test hypothesized relationships and mediation effects.

Results: DRM significantly improved digital literacy (B = .31, 95%CI: .19, .43). Positive perceptions of aging were positively associated with digital literacy (B = .05, p < .001), whereas negative perceptions showed a negative association (B = .09, p < .001). Contrary to expectations, self-efficacy did not show a significant association with digital literacy. Indirect effects revealed that DRM was positively associated with all mediators (B = .12, 95%CI: .04, .20), suggesting that improving perceptions of aging through DRM may enhance digital literacy.

Discussion and Implication: This study highlights the importance of DRM educational interventions in boosting digital literacy among older adults by positively shaping their perceptions of aging. Addressing these perceptions can break down barriers and promote more inclusive digital participation. Future research should investigate the longitudinal effects and effective intervention strategies to enhance digital literacy.

Comments

© The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Gerontological Society of America.

Publication Title

Innovation in Aging

DOI

10.1093/geroni/igag001

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